SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7170 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    91048, 91049, 91050, 84547, 84548, 84551, 
    84552, 84613, 84614, 84617, 84618, 
    84335, 84336, 84490, 84491, 84556, 
    84557, 85109, 84321, 89491, 89492, 
    89499, 89500, 89507, 89508, 89515, 
    89516, 83254, 83256, 83261, 83263, 
    90562, 90563, 90568, 90569, 90574, 
    90575, 86141, 86164, 86649, 86718, 
    85072, 85074, 85158, 85160, 85204, 
    85206, 85250, 85252, 84499, 84565, 
    83030, 83032, 83587, 83589, 90866, 
    90868, 90945, 90947, 85112, 85114, 
    84489, 84555, 91090, 91091, 91094, 
    91095, 91097, 91098, 91099, 91176, 
    91177, 91180, 91181, 91183, 91184, 
    91185, 91231, 91232, 91235, 91236, 
    91238, 91239, 91240, 83268, 83270, 
    90544, 90545, 84520, 84521, 84545, 
    84586, 84587, 84611, 86619, 86621
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00154

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "97.36"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 171,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 171,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "17.42",
              "eval_cost": "17.10",
              "prefix_cost": "34.52",
              "data_read_per_join": "2K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (91048,91049,91050,84547,84548,84551,84552,84613,84614,84617,84618,84335,84336,84490,84491,84556,84557,85109,84321,89491,89492,89499,89500,89507,89508,89515,89516,83254,83256,83261,83263,90562,90563,90568,90569,90574,90575,86141,86164,86649,86718,85072,85074,85158,85160,85204,85206,85250,85252,84499,84565,83030,83032,83587,83589,90866,90868,90945,90947,85112,85114,84489,84555,91090,91091,91094,91095,91097,91098,91099,91176,91177,91180,91181,91183,91184,91185,91231,91232,91235,91236,91238,91239,91240,83268,83270,90544,90545,84520,84521,84545,84586,84587,84611,86619,86621))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "42.75",
              "eval_cost": "0.86",
              "prefix_cost": "94.37",
              "data_read_per_join": "22K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.14",
              "eval_cost": "0.86",
              "prefix_cost": "97.36",
              "data_read_per_join": "136"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}