SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7170 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    89076, 90546, 84522, 84523, 84588, 84589, 
    85360, 89817, 89869, 89941, 91507, 
    83082, 83610, 86143, 86166, 86500, 
    86659, 86728, 86776, 89069, 90921, 
    91000, 84337, 85315, 85412, 85463, 
    85514, 86469, 86745, 84808, 84809, 
    84826, 84827, 84838, 84839, 91106, 
    91192, 91247, 84546, 84612, 82850, 
    82923, 82996, 83512, 83520, 90007, 
    89766, 89767, 83596, 83597, 83598, 
    83599, 85361, 86147, 86148, 86170, 
    86171, 86663, 86664, 86732, 86733, 
    89052, 86180, 86182, 86203, 86205, 
    86504, 86506, 86780, 86782, 89822, 
    89823, 89874, 89875, 89946, 89947, 
    91512, 91513, 82864, 82865, 82937, 
    82938, 83010, 83011, 83446, 83447, 
    83451, 83452, 82819, 82892, 82965, 
    86177, 86200, 86501, 86777, 84802
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00247

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "99.64"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 175,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 175,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "17.82",
              "eval_cost": "17.50",
              "prefix_cost": "35.32",
              "data_read_per_join": "2K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (89076,90546,84522,84523,84588,84589,85360,89817,89869,89941,91507,83082,83610,86143,86166,86500,86659,86728,86776,89069,90921,91000,84337,85315,85412,85463,85514,86469,86745,84808,84809,84826,84827,84838,84839,91106,91192,91247,84546,84612,82850,82923,82996,83512,83520,90007,89766,89767,83596,83597,83598,83599,85361,86147,86148,86170,86171,86663,86664,86732,86733,89052,86180,86182,86203,86205,86504,86506,86780,86782,89822,89823,89874,89875,89946,89947,91512,91513,82864,82865,82937,82938,83010,83011,83446,83447,83451,83452,82819,82892,82965,86177,86200,86501,86777,84802))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "43.75",
              "eval_cost": "0.88",
              "prefix_cost": "96.57",
              "data_read_per_join": "22K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.19",
              "eval_cost": "0.88",
              "prefix_cost": "99.64",
              "data_read_per_join": "140"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}