SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7257 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    88088, 87875, 87937, 90323, 87950, 87959, 
    90826, 87952, 88004, 88056, 88057, 
    88058, 87998, 88000, 88037, 90329, 
    90330, 90331, 90333, 90334, 90337, 
    90338, 90339, 90340, 90341, 90342, 
    90345, 90346, 90347, 90348, 87881, 
    88031, 87948, 88059, 88060, 89985, 
    87945, 89986, 88041, 87940, 87942, 
    87964, 90328, 90332, 90335, 90336, 
    90343, 90344, 88029, 88018, 88021, 
    88006, 88013, 88015, 87972, 88091, 
    88055, 88085, 90327, 88071, 88076, 
    88090, 87944, 88072, 88154, 87874, 
    87880, 87873, 90317, 90319, 90320, 
    88087, 87960, 88030, 88086, 88019, 
    87992, 88001, 88005, 87939, 87989, 
    87943, 87973, 87999, 90808, 87965, 
    88014, 88020, 92893, 92894, 93002, 
    93003, 93004, 93005, 93006, 93007
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00303

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "128.60"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 226,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 226,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "22.94",
              "eval_cost": "22.60",
              "prefix_cost": "45.54",
              "data_read_per_join": "3K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (88088,87875,87937,90323,87950,87959,90826,87952,88004,88056,88057,88058,87998,88000,88037,90329,90330,90331,90333,90334,90337,90338,90339,90340,90341,90342,90345,90346,90347,90348,87881,88031,87948,88059,88060,89985,87945,89986,88041,87940,87942,87964,90328,90332,90335,90336,90343,90344,88029,88018,88021,88006,88013,88015,87972,88091,88055,88085,90327,88071,88076,88090,87944,88072,88154,87874,87880,87873,90317,90319,90320,88087,87960,88030,88086,88019,87992,88001,88005,87939,87989,87943,87973,87999,90808,87965,88014,88020,92893,92894,93002,93003,93004,93005,93006,93007))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "56.50",
              "eval_cost": "1.13",
              "prefix_cost": "124.64",
              "data_read_per_join": "29K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.83",
              "eval_cost": "1.13",
              "prefix_cost": "128.60",
              "data_read_per_join": "180"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}