SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7170 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    85494, 85496, 84308, 84309, 84519, 84585, 
    89054, 84331, 84332, 85341, 85343, 
    86903, 86928, 86964, 86989, 87025, 
    87050, 87108, 90796, 83289, 83291, 
    83296, 83298, 90565, 90566, 90571, 
    90572, 90577, 90578, 91395, 91397, 
    91399, 91401, 91403, 91405, 91407, 
    91409, 91411, 91413, 91415, 91417, 
    84304, 84305, 84632, 84633, 83303, 
    83305, 90553, 90554, 91100, 91101, 
    91104, 91105, 91107, 91108, 91109, 
    91186, 91187, 91190, 91191, 91193, 
    91194, 91195, 91241, 91242, 91245, 
    91246, 91248, 91249, 91250, 89755, 
    89757, 86187, 86210, 86511, 86787, 
    84681, 84682, 84685, 84686, 91076, 
    91077, 91080, 91081, 91083, 91084, 
    91085, 86902, 86927, 86963, 86988, 
    87024, 87049, 87085, 87107, 91131
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00239

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "99.07"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 174,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 174,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "17.72",
              "eval_cost": "17.40",
              "prefix_cost": "35.12",
              "data_read_per_join": "2K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (85494,85496,84308,84309,84519,84585,89054,84331,84332,85341,85343,86903,86928,86964,86989,87025,87050,87108,90796,83289,83291,83296,83298,90565,90566,90571,90572,90577,90578,91395,91397,91399,91401,91403,91405,91407,91409,91411,91413,91415,91417,84304,84305,84632,84633,83303,83305,90553,90554,91100,91101,91104,91105,91107,91108,91109,91186,91187,91190,91191,91193,91194,91195,91241,91242,91245,91246,91248,91249,91250,89755,89757,86187,86210,86511,86787,84681,84682,84685,84686,91076,91077,91080,91081,91083,91084,91085,86902,86927,86963,86988,87024,87049,87085,87107,91131))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "43.50",
              "eval_cost": "0.87",
              "prefix_cost": "96.02",
              "data_read_per_join": "22K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.18",
              "eval_cost": "0.87",
              "prefix_cost": "99.07",
              "data_read_per_join": "139"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}