SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7148 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    98003, 98004, 98005, 98006, 98007, 98008, 
    98009, 98010, 98011, 98012, 98013, 
    98014, 98015, 98016, 98017, 98018, 
    98019, 98020, 98021, 98022, 98023, 
    98052, 98053, 98054, 98055, 98056, 
    98057, 98058, 98059, 98060, 98061, 
    98062, 98063, 98064, 98065, 98066, 
    98067, 98068, 98069, 98070, 98071, 
    98072, 98073, 98074, 98075, 98076, 
    98077, 98078, 98079, 98080, 98081, 
    98082, 98083, 98149, 98150, 98153, 
    98156, 98176, 98177, 98178, 98179, 
    98180, 98181, 98182, 98183, 98184, 
    98185, 98186, 98187, 98188, 98189, 
    98190, 98191, 98192, 98193, 98194, 
    98195, 98196, 98197, 98198, 98199, 
    98200, 98201, 98202, 98203, 98204, 
    98205, 98206, 98207, 98208, 98209, 
    98210, 98211, 98212, 98213, 98214
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00210

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "155.29"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 273,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 273,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "27.66",
              "eval_cost": "27.30",
              "prefix_cost": "54.96",
              "data_read_per_join": "4K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (98003,98004,98005,98006,98007,98008,98009,98010,98011,98012,98013,98014,98015,98016,98017,98018,98019,98020,98021,98022,98023,98052,98053,98054,98055,98056,98057,98058,98059,98060,98061,98062,98063,98064,98065,98066,98067,98068,98069,98070,98071,98072,98073,98074,98075,98076,98077,98078,98079,98080,98081,98082,98083,98149,98150,98153,98156,98176,98177,98178,98179,98180,98181,98182,98183,98184,98185,98186,98187,98188,98189,98190,98191,98192,98193,98194,98195,98196,98197,98198,98199,98200,98201,98202,98203,98204,98205,98206,98207,98208,98209,98210,98211,98212,98213,98214))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 13,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "68.25",
              "eval_cost": "1.37",
              "prefix_cost": "150.51",
              "data_read_per_join": "35K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 13,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "3.41",
              "eval_cost": "1.37",
              "prefix_cost": "155.29",
              "data_read_per_join": "218"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}