SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7148 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    98215, 98216, 98217, 98218, 98219, 98220, 
    98221, 98222, 98223, 98258, 98259, 
    98260, 98261, 98262, 98263, 98264, 
    98265, 98266, 98267, 98268, 98269, 
    98270, 98271, 98272, 98273, 98290, 
    98291, 98292, 98293, 98294, 98295, 
    98296, 98297, 98298, 98299, 98300, 
    98301, 98302, 98303, 98304, 98305, 
    98306, 98307, 98308, 98309, 98310, 
    98311, 98312, 98313, 98322, 98323, 
    98391, 98392, 98393, 98394, 98395, 
    98396, 98397, 98398, 98399, 98400, 
    98401, 98402, 98403, 98404, 98405, 
    98406, 98411, 98412, 98413, 98421, 
    98422, 98424, 98425, 98426, 98427, 
    98428, 98429, 98432, 98433, 98434, 
    98435, 98436, 98437, 98438, 98439, 
    98440, 98441, 98442, 98443, 98446, 
    98447, 98449, 98450, 98451, 98452
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00532

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "135.76"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "10.38"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 10,
            "filtered": "1.06",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "1.04",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "166"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (98215,98216,98217,98218,98219,98220,98221,98222,98223,98258,98259,98260,98261,98262,98263,98264,98265,98266,98267,98268,98269,98270,98271,98272,98273,98290,98291,98292,98293,98294,98295,98296,98297,98298,98299,98300,98301,98302,98303,98304,98305,98306,98307,98308,98309,98310,98311,98312,98313,98322,98323,98391,98392,98393,98394,98395,98396,98397,98398,98399,98400,98401,98402,98403,98404,98405,98406,98411,98412,98413,98421,98422,98424,98425,98426,98427,98428,98429,98432,98433,98434,98435,98436,98437,98438,98439,98440,98441,98442,98443,98446,98447,98449,98450,98451,98452))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 10,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.60",
              "eval_cost": "1.04",
              "prefix_cost": "125.38",
              "data_read_per_join": "166"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}