SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7257 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    88074, 88069, 87878, 88075, 88025, 84696, 
    88938, 87996, 84699, 88516, 88519, 
    88073, 88940, 88040, 84703, 84706, 
    88082, 91053, 88941, 87958, 88068, 
    87951, 88067, 88512, 88077, 88141, 
    88144, 88939, 87986, 87946, 87947, 
    87949, 88043, 87956, 89982, 89983, 
    89984, 88081, 84702, 84705, 91052, 
    88003, 88046, 88080, 84697, 84698, 
    88028, 88140, 88143, 88508, 87890, 
    84695, 88937, 87877, 87905, 88045, 
    88049, 87936, 88515, 88518, 88078, 
    88514, 88517, 88511, 88083, 87904, 
    90325, 87876, 88506, 88507, 88510, 
    88035, 88044, 87987, 90828, 90827, 
    87938, 87941, 87997, 88026, 87882, 
    87988, 88036, 88047, 88048, 90324, 
    90326, 88050, 88051, 88052, 88053, 
    88054, 87900, 87901, 87990, 87961
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01824

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "135.71"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "10.34"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 10,
            "filtered": "1.06",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "1.03",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "165"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (88074,88069,87878,88075,88025,84696,88938,87996,84699,88516,88519,88073,88940,88040,84703,84706,88082,91053,88941,87958,88068,87951,88067,88512,88077,88141,88144,88939,87986,87946,87947,87949,88043,87956,89982,89983,89984,88081,84702,84705,91052,88003,88046,88080,84697,84698,88028,88140,88143,88508,87890,84695,88937,87877,87905,88045,88049,87936,88515,88518,88078,88514,88517,88511,88083,87904,90325,87876,88506,88507,88510,88035,88044,87987,90828,90827,87938,87941,87997,88026,87882,87988,88036,88047,88048,90324,90326,88050,88051,88052,88053,88054,87900,87901,87990,87961))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 10,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.59",
              "eval_cost": "1.03",
              "prefix_cost": "125.37",
              "data_read_per_join": "165"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}