SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    100589, 100590, 101579, 101580, 101589, 
    101590, 101592, 101593, 101619, 101620, 
    101624
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00060

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "4.96"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "PRIMARY",
        "product_id"
      ],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code"
      ],
      "key_length": "9",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 11,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "3.86",
        "eval_cost": "1.10",
        "prefix_cost": "4.96",
        "data_read_per_join": "41K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "product_id",
        "lang_code",
        "short_description",
        "full_description"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_product_descriptions`.`product_id` in (100589,100590,101579,101580,101589,101590,101592,101593,101619,101620,101624)) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_product_descriptions`.`lang_code` = 'en'))"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description
100589
100590
101579
101580
101589
101590
101592
101593
101619
101620
101624