SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7257 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    94556, 94557, 94558, 94559, 94560, 94561, 
    94562, 94563, 94564, 94565, 94566, 
    94567, 94568, 94569, 94570, 94571, 
    94572, 94573, 94574, 94575, 94576, 
    94577, 94578, 94579, 94580, 94581, 
    94582, 94583, 94584, 94585
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01626

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "86.69"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 96,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 96,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "9.89",
              "eval_cost": "9.60",
              "prefix_cost": "19.49",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (94556,94557,94558,94559,94560,94561,94562,94563,94564,94565,94566,94567,94568,94569,94570,94571,94572,94573,94574,94575,94576,94577,94578,94579,94580,94581,94582,94583,94584,94585))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 96,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "24.00",
              "eval_cost": "9.60",
              "prefix_cost": "53.09",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "24.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.48",
              "prefix_cost": "86.69",
              "data_read_per_join": "12K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
94556 7320,7260M
94557 7320,7260M
94558 7208M,7346,7309,7241
94559 7208M,7346,7309,7241
94560 7208M,7346,7241,7309
94561 7208M,7346,7309,7241
94562 7208M,7309,7241,7346
94563 7208M,7346,7241,7309
94564 7208M,7346,7241,7309
94565 7241,7208M,7346,7309
94566 7241,7346,7309,7208M
94567 7241,7309,7208M,7346
94568 7309,7241,7208M,7346
94569 7309,7241,7208M,7346
94570 7309,7241,7346,7208M
94571 7309,7346,7208M,7241
94572 7346,7309,7208M,7241
94573 7260M,7320
94574 7261M,7349
94575 7320,7260M
94576 7320,7260M
94577 7320,7260M
94578 7320,7260M
94579 7349,7261M
94580 7258M
94581 7259M,7345,7347
94582 7320,7260M
94583 7208M,7309,7346,7241
94584 7309,7208M,7346,7241
94585 7208M,7309,7346,7241