SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7214 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    88984, 88234, 88238, 90837, 89843, 89895, 
    89968, 85733, 85670, 85690, 85702, 
    85714, 85678, 87517, 87533, 88567, 
    88568, 89842, 89894, 89967, 89791, 
    85669, 85689, 85701, 85713, 85730, 
    85747, 85757, 85767, 85677, 85737, 
    89455, 89468, 89476, 89484, 89790, 
    89460, 88175, 88223, 84774, 84787, 
    84796, 88172, 88220, 84778, 85673, 
    85693, 85705, 85717, 87551, 88404, 
    87460, 88500, 89453, 89466, 89474, 
    89482, 85681, 89458, 85728, 85745, 
    85755, 85765, 87463, 87550, 88497, 
    85735, 84773, 84786, 84795, 88199, 
    88211, 84777, 88196, 88208, 88498, 
    85725, 85742, 85752, 85762, 85732, 
    87513, 87529, 88451, 88468, 88484, 
    87462, 88173, 88221, 85671, 85691, 
    85703, 85715, 85679, 88496, 87516
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01607

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "136.86"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "11.20"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
            "filtered": "1.14",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "1.12",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "179"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (88984,88234,88238,90837,89843,89895,89968,85733,85670,85690,85702,85714,85678,87517,87533,88567,88568,89842,89894,89967,89791,85669,85689,85701,85713,85730,85747,85757,85767,85677,85737,89455,89468,89476,89484,89790,89460,88175,88223,84774,84787,84796,88172,88220,84778,85673,85693,85705,85717,87551,88404,87460,88500,89453,89466,89474,89482,85681,89458,85728,85745,85755,85765,87463,87550,88497,85735,84773,84786,84795,88199,88211,84777,88196,88208,88498,85725,85742,85752,85762,85732,87513,87529,88451,88468,88484,87462,88173,88221,85671,85691,85703,85715,85679,88496,87516))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.80",
              "eval_cost": "1.12",
              "prefix_cost": "125.67",
              "data_read_per_join": "179"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}