SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7228 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    95243, 95244, 95245, 95246, 95247, 95248, 
    95249, 95250, 95251, 95252, 95253, 
    95254, 95255, 95256, 95257, 95258, 
    95259, 95260, 95261, 95262, 95263, 
    95264, 95265, 95266, 95267, 95268, 
    95269, 95270, 95271, 95272, 95273, 
    95274, 95275, 95276, 95277, 95278, 
    95279, 95280, 95281, 95282, 95283, 
    95284, 95285, 95286, 95287, 95288, 
    95289, 95290
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00144

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "43.48"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 48,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 48,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "5.08",
              "eval_cost": "4.80",
              "prefix_cost": "9.88",
              "data_read_per_join": "768"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (95243,95244,95245,95246,95247,95248,95249,95250,95251,95252,95253,95254,95255,95256,95257,95258,95259,95260,95261,95262,95263,95264,95265,95266,95267,95268,95269,95270,95271,95272,95273,95274,95275,95276,95277,95278,95279,95280,95281,95282,95283,95284,95285,95286,95287,95288,95289,95290))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 48,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "12.00",
              "eval_cost": "4.80",
              "prefix_cost": "26.68",
              "data_read_per_join": "768"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "12.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.24",
              "prefix_cost": "43.48",
              "data_read_per_join": "6K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
95243 7231M
95244 7234M
95245 7231M
95246 7229M
95247 7229M
95248 7229M
95249 7229M
95250 7229M
95251 7229M
95252 7229M
95253 7229M
95254 7229M
95255 7229M
95256 7229M
95257 7229M
95258 7229M
95259 7229M
95260 7229M
95261 7229M
95262 7229M
95263 7229M
95264 7229M
95265 7229M
95266 7229M
95267 7229M
95268 7229M
95269 7229M
95270 7229M
95271 7229M
95272 7229M
95273 7229M
95274 7229M
95275 7229M
95276 7229M
95277 7229M
95278 7229M
95279 7229M
95280 7229M
95281 7229M
95282 7229M
95283 7229M
95284 7229M
95285 7229M
95286 7229M
95287 7229M
95288 7229M
95289 7229M
95290 7229M