SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7184 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    89485, 90083, 86220, 83128, 84030, 84031, 
    84032, 84033, 84038, 90082, 88935, 
    89188, 89724, 88934, 83131, 90084, 
    89647, 89619, 89632, 86381, 92450, 
    92451, 92452, 92453, 92454, 92455, 
    92456, 89642, 89644, 89645, 91838, 
    90110, 90070, 89177, 92042, 92058, 
    92074, 92130, 83103, 85530, 85534, 
    84109, 90090, 90100, 83105, 84745, 
    83986, 83987, 83988, 83989, 84111, 
    90087, 90097, 88930, 90107, 91837, 
    92011, 92012, 92013, 92014, 92015, 
    92016, 92017, 92099, 92100, 92101, 
    92102, 92103, 92104, 92105, 83089, 
    84096, 83104, 84110, 90080, 83092, 
    92500, 84099, 86219, 89526, 89723, 
    90064, 89641, 91298, 83106, 91305, 
    84112, 89488, 89637, 92066, 92082, 
    83109, 83119, 85039, 91306, 91299
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00335

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "101.34"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 178,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 178,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "18.12",
              "eval_cost": "17.80",
              "prefix_cost": "35.92",
              "data_read_per_join": "2K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (89485,90083,86220,83128,84030,84031,84032,84033,84038,90082,88935,89188,89724,88934,83131,90084,89647,89619,89632,86381,92450,92451,92452,92453,92454,92455,92456,89642,89644,89645,91838,90110,90070,89177,92042,92058,92074,92130,83103,85530,85534,84109,90090,90100,83105,84745,83986,83987,83988,83989,84111,90087,90097,88930,90107,91837,92011,92012,92013,92014,92015,92016,92017,92099,92100,92101,92102,92103,92104,92105,83089,84096,83104,84110,90080,83092,92500,84099,86219,89526,89723,90064,89641,91298,83106,91305,84112,89488,89637,92066,92082,83109,83119,85039,91306,91299))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "44.50",
              "eval_cost": "0.89",
              "prefix_cost": "98.22",
              "data_read_per_join": "23K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.23",
              "eval_cost": "0.89",
              "prefix_cost": "101.34",
              "data_read_per_join": "142"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}