SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7257 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    95779, 95789, 95821, 95822, 95823, 95824, 
    95825, 95826, 95827, 95828, 95830, 
    95831, 95867, 95868, 95869, 95870, 
    95871, 95872, 95873, 95874, 95875, 
    95876, 95877, 95878
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01439

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "62.38"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 69,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 69,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "7.18",
              "eval_cost": "6.90",
              "prefix_cost": "14.08",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (95779,95789,95821,95822,95823,95824,95825,95826,95827,95828,95830,95831,95867,95868,95869,95870,95871,95872,95873,95874,95875,95876,95877,95878))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 69,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "17.25",
              "eval_cost": "6.90",
              "prefix_cost": "38.23",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 3,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "17.25",
              "eval_cost": "0.35",
              "prefix_cost": "62.38",
              "data_read_per_join": "9K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
95779 7347,7345,7259M
95789 7258M
95821 7258M
95822 7258M
95823 7347,7345,7259M
95824 7320,7260M
95825 7320,7260M
95826 7320,7260M
95827 7349,7261M
95828 7261M,7349
95830 7208M,7346,7309,7241
95831 7346,7309,7241,7208M
95867 7258M
95868 7258M
95869 7241,7346,7208M,7309
95870 7241,7346,7208M,7309
95871 7309,7208M,7346,7241
95872 7309,7346,7208M,7241
95873 7309,7346,7208M,7241
95874 7309,7241,7346,7208M
95875 7346,7309,7208M,7241
95876 7309,7208M,7346,7241
95877 7309,7208M,7346,7241
95878 7309,7208M,7346,7241