SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7148 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    101695, 101696, 101697, 101698, 101699, 
    101700, 101701, 101702, 101703, 101704, 
    101705, 101706, 101707, 101708, 101709, 
    101710, 101711, 101712, 101713, 101714, 
    101715, 101716, 101717, 101718, 101719, 
    101720, 101721, 101722, 101723, 101724
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00138

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "66.70"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 117,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "12.00",
              "eval_cost": "11.70",
              "prefix_cost": "23.70",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (101695,101696,101697,101698,101699,101700,101701,101702,101703,101704,101705,101706,101707,101708,101709,101710,101711,101712,101713,101714,101715,101716,101717,101718,101719,101720,101721,101722,101723,101724))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "29.25",
              "eval_cost": "0.59",
              "prefix_cost": "64.65",
              "data_read_per_join": "15K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "1.46",
              "eval_cost": "0.59",
              "prefix_cost": "66.70",
              "data_read_per_join": "93"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
101695 7263M
101696 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101697 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101698 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101699 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101700 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101701 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101702 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101703 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101704 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101705 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101706 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101707 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101708 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101709 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101710 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101711 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101712 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101713 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101714 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101715 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101716 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101717 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101718 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101719 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101720 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101721 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101722 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101723 7241,7309,7346,7208M
101724 7241,7309,7346,7208M