SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7148 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    91863, 92227, 82402, 88146, 88589, 89589, 
    92210, 87786, 87874, 85554, 85577, 
    87792, 87798, 87880, 86366, 86368, 
    86806, 92373, 91900, 87873, 90317, 
    90319, 90320, 84244, 85645, 87388, 
    88390, 91428, 91430, 82560, 82565, 
    82569, 82573, 85570, 82562, 82566, 
    82570, 84243, 86361, 86367, 87785, 
    87790, 87796, 88395, 88585, 90266, 
    90273, 91968, 86360, 86887, 90844, 
    92383, 92384, 92385, 92386, 92387, 
    92388, 92389, 84242, 84289, 88584, 
    91889, 91890, 91891, 92333, 92334, 
    92335, 92336, 82555, 85581, 86888, 
    82553, 88389, 88391, 92365, 82391, 
    82554, 86890, 87789, 87795, 91864, 
    88388, 92374, 82559, 85576, 85584, 
    86352, 88095, 82428, 82552, 82564, 
    82568, 82572, 85572, 88392, 91976
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01176

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "133.82"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "8.94"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "0.91",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "0.89",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "143"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (91863,92227,82402,88146,88589,89589,92210,87786,87874,85554,85577,87792,87798,87880,86366,86368,86806,92373,91900,87873,90317,90319,90320,84244,85645,87388,88390,91428,91430,82560,82565,82569,82573,85570,82562,82566,82570,84243,86361,86367,87785,87790,87796,88395,88585,90266,90273,91968,86360,86887,90844,92383,92384,92385,92386,92387,92388,92389,84242,84289,88584,91889,91890,91891,92333,92334,92335,92336,82555,85581,86888,82553,88389,88391,92365,82391,82554,86890,87789,87795,91864,88388,92374,82559,85576,85584,86352,88095,82428,82552,82564,82568,82572,85572,88392,91976))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.24",
              "eval_cost": "0.89",
              "prefix_cost": "124.88",
              "data_read_per_join": "143"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}