SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7148 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    88740, 91897, 91898, 91899, 92341, 92343, 
    92344, 85643, 88925, 88926, 88927, 
    91470, 92186, 92187, 92188, 92189, 
    92190, 92441, 82561, 85642, 86249, 
    88070, 88394, 82369, 85582, 86901, 
    90023, 90039, 90055, 90328, 90332, 
    90335, 90336, 90343, 90344, 92488, 
    91840, 91841, 91842, 91843, 91845, 
    91846, 91847, 82375, 87581, 87596, 
    87611, 88150, 88152, 88792, 90268, 
    91884, 92476, 92477, 92478, 92479, 
    92480, 92481, 92482, 85586, 82357, 
    86356, 86357, 87962, 88079, 88084, 
    86253, 89590, 86891, 87657, 87671, 
    87678, 87685, 87706, 87719, 87733, 
    88696, 88743, 87787, 90327, 87994, 
    91868, 90264, 91849, 91850, 91851, 
    91852, 91853, 91854, 91855, 91857, 
    91858, 91859, 91860, 91861, 91862
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00891

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "133.50"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "8.71"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "0.89",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "0.87",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "139"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (88740,91897,91898,91899,92341,92343,92344,85643,88925,88926,88927,91470,92186,92187,92188,92189,92190,92441,82561,85642,86249,88070,88394,82369,85582,86901,90023,90039,90055,90328,90332,90335,90336,90343,90344,92488,91840,91841,91842,91843,91845,91846,91847,82375,87581,87596,87611,88150,88152,88792,90268,91884,92476,92477,92478,92479,92480,92481,92482,85586,82357,86356,86357,87962,88079,88084,86253,89590,86891,87657,87671,87678,87685,87706,87719,87733,88696,88743,87787,90327,87994,91868,90264,91849,91850,91851,91852,91853,91854,91855,91857,91858,91859,91860,91861,91862))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.18",
              "eval_cost": "0.87",
              "prefix_cost": "124.80",
              "data_read_per_join": "139"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}