SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7310 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    89519, 89520, 89515, 89516, 89942, 89943, 
    89940, 86471, 86472, 89941, 86469, 
    86470, 86609, 86610, 86678, 86679, 
    86607, 86676, 86608, 86677, 89927, 
    89928, 89925, 85053, 85139, 85185, 
    85231, 85051, 85137, 85183, 85229, 
    89926, 85047, 85052, 85138, 85184, 
    85230, 85045, 89918, 89919, 85046, 
    86467, 86468, 86465, 89916, 89917, 
    86466, 85050, 85136, 85182, 85228, 
    85048, 85049, 85134, 85135, 85180, 
    85181, 85226, 85227, 85044, 86463, 
    86464, 86605, 86606, 86674, 86675, 
    85042, 85043, 86603, 86672, 86461, 
    86462, 86604, 86673, 86601, 86602, 
    86670, 86671, 86599, 86600, 86668, 
    86669, 89958, 89959, 89956, 89957, 
    89954, 89955, 89952, 89953, 86477, 
    86478, 86615, 86616, 86684, 86685
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01626

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "136.86"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "11.20"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
            "filtered": "1.14",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "1.12",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "179"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (89519,89520,89515,89516,89942,89943,89940,86471,86472,89941,86469,86470,86609,86610,86678,86679,86607,86676,86608,86677,89927,89928,89925,85053,85139,85185,85231,85051,85137,85183,85229,89926,85047,85052,85138,85184,85230,85045,89918,89919,85046,86467,86468,86465,89916,89917,86466,85050,85136,85182,85228,85048,85049,85134,85135,85180,85181,85226,85227,85044,86463,86464,86605,86606,86674,86675,85042,85043,86603,86672,86461,86462,86604,86673,86601,86602,86670,86671,86599,86600,86668,86669,89958,89959,89956,89957,89954,89955,89952,89953,86477,86478,86615,86616,86684,86685))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 11,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.80",
              "eval_cost": "1.12",
              "prefix_cost": "125.67",
              "data_read_per_join": "179"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}