SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7228 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    86866, 91330, 86262, 86280, 86300, 86326, 
    91328, 86867, 86270, 86291, 86299, 
    86325, 91329, 86261, 86244, 86269, 
    86290, 86292, 86318, 86271, 87736, 
    86281, 86346, 86350, 91327, 91426, 
    86283, 87745, 86256, 86309, 86369, 
    86272, 86374, 86298, 86324, 86282, 
    86311, 86327, 86260, 86308, 91326, 
    86243, 87748, 86378, 86246, 86268, 
    86289, 86277, 87744, 91425, 86304, 
    86317, 91424, 87751, 91325, 86373, 
    86310, 86347, 86351, 87753, 86344, 
    86348, 86276, 86376, 86353, 86303, 
    86316, 86254, 86306, 86371, 86313, 
    86329, 86312, 86328, 86245, 86345, 
    86349, 87743, 86865, 87747, 86259, 
    86307, 91422, 91423, 87742, 86297, 
    86323, 86273, 86305, 86377, 86296, 
    86322, 86372, 87750, 86375, 87746
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00647

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "129.15"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "5.48"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "0.56",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "0.55",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "87"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (86866,91330,86262,86280,86300,86326,91328,86867,86270,86291,86299,86325,91329,86261,86244,86269,86290,86292,86318,86271,87736,86281,86346,86350,91327,91426,86283,87745,86256,86309,86369,86272,86374,86298,86324,86282,86311,86327,86260,86308,91326,86243,87748,86378,86246,86268,86289,86277,87744,91425,86304,86317,91424,87751,91325,86373,86310,86347,86351,87753,86344,86348,86276,86376,86353,86303,86316,86254,86306,86371,86313,86329,86312,86328,86245,86345,86349,87743,86865,87747,86259,86307,91422,91423,87742,86297,86323,86273,86305,86377,86296,86322,86372,87750,86375,87746))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "1.37",
              "eval_cost": "0.55",
              "prefix_cost": "123.67",
              "data_read_per_join": "87"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}