SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7148 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    93287, 93288, 93289, 93290, 93291, 93294, 
    93338, 93339, 93341, 93342, 93343, 
    93344, 93345, 93346, 93347, 93348, 
    93349, 93350, 93351, 93352, 93353, 
    93354, 93355, 93356, 93357, 93358, 
    93750, 93751, 93752, 93753
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00129

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "62.16"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 109,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 109,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "11.20",
              "eval_cost": "10.90",
              "prefix_cost": "22.10",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (93287,93288,93289,93290,93291,93294,93338,93339,93341,93342,93343,93344,93345,93346,93347,93348,93349,93350,93351,93352,93353,93354,93355,93356,93357,93358,93750,93751,93752,93753))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "27.25",
              "eval_cost": "0.55",
              "prefix_cost": "60.25",
              "data_read_per_join": "14K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "1.36",
              "eval_cost": "0.55",
              "prefix_cost": "62.16",
              "data_read_per_join": "87"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
93287 7341,7342,7343,7157M
93288 7313,7338,7219M
93289 7341,7342,7343,7157M
93290 7313,7338,7219M
93291 7341,7342,7343,7157M
93294 7313,7338,7219M
93338 7313,7338,7219M
93339 7313,7338,7219M
93341 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93342 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93343 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93344 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93345 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93346 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93347 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93348 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93349 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93350 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93351 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93352 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93353 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93354 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93355 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93356 7183,7283,7167M
93357 7183,7283,7167M
93358 7183,7283,7167M
93750 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93751 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93752 7241,7309,7346,7208M
93753 7194M