SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7240 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    95922, 95923, 95924, 95945, 95946, 97574, 
    97575, 97682, 97683, 97684, 97685, 
    97686, 97687, 97688, 97689, 97690, 
    97691, 97692, 97693, 97694, 97695, 
    97696, 97707, 97708, 97709, 97710, 
    97711, 97712, 98054, 98055
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01712

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "108.30"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 120,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 120,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "12.30",
              "eval_cost": "12.00",
              "prefix_cost": "24.30",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (95922,95923,95924,95945,95946,97574,97575,97682,97683,97684,97685,97686,97687,97688,97689,97690,97691,97692,97693,97694,97695,97696,97707,97708,97709,97710,97711,97712,98054,98055))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 120,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "30.00",
              "eval_cost": "12.00",
              "prefix_cost": "66.30",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 6,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "30.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.60",
              "prefix_cost": "108.30",
              "data_read_per_join": "15K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
95922 7208M,7241,7309,7346
95923 7208M,7241,7309,7346
95924 7208M,7241,7309,7346
95945 7208M,7241,7309,7346
95946 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97574 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97575 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97682 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97683 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97684 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97685 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97686 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97687 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97688 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97689 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97690 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97691 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97692 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97693 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97694 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97695 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97696 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97707 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97708 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97709 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97710 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97711 7208M,7241,7309,7346
97712 7208M,7241,7309,7346
98054 7208M,7241,7309,7346
98055 7208M,7241,7309,7346