SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7210 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    94496, 94497, 94498, 94499, 94500, 94501, 
    94502, 94503, 94505, 94506, 94507, 
    94508, 94509, 94510, 94511, 94512, 
    94513, 94514, 94515, 94516, 94517, 
    94518, 94519, 94520, 94521, 94522, 
    94523, 94524, 94525, 94526
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00144

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "32.63"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 57,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 57,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "5.98",
              "eval_cost": "5.70",
              "prefix_cost": "11.68",
              "data_read_per_join": "912"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (94496,94497,94498,94499,94500,94501,94502,94503,94505,94506,94507,94508,94509,94510,94511,94512,94513,94514,94515,94516,94517,94518,94519,94520,94521,94522,94523,94524,94525,94526))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "14.25",
              "eval_cost": "0.29",
              "prefix_cost": "31.63",
              "data_read_per_join": "7K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "0.71",
              "eval_cost": "0.29",
              "prefix_cost": "32.63",
              "data_read_per_join": "45"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
94496 7345,7347,7259M
94497 7258M
94498 7258M
94499 7345,7347,7259M
94500 7258M
94501 7345,7347,7259M
94502 7258M
94503 7258M
94505 7320,7260M
94506 7320,7260M
94507 7320,7260M
94508 7258M
94509 7320,7260M
94510 7349,7261M
94511 7320,7260M
94512 7320,7260M
94513 7320,7260M
94514 7258M
94515 7345,7347,7259M
94516 7320,7260M
94517 7320,7260M
94518 7320,7260M
94519 7320,7260M
94520 7320,7260M
94521 7320,7260M
94522 7320,7260M
94523 7320,7260M
94524 7320,7260M
94525 7320,7260M
94526 7320,7260M