SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7184 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    94027, 94028, 94029, 94030, 94031, 94032, 
    94033, 94074, 94075, 94428, 94452, 
    94453, 94454, 94455, 94456, 94458, 
    94459, 94460, 94461, 94462, 94709, 
    94717, 94718, 94719, 94720, 94721, 
    94722, 94723, 94724, 94725
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00077

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "35.47"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 62,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 62,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "6.48",
              "eval_cost": "6.20",
              "prefix_cost": "12.68",
              "data_read_per_join": "992"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (94027,94028,94029,94030,94031,94032,94033,94074,94075,94428,94452,94453,94454,94455,94456,94458,94459,94460,94461,94462,94709,94717,94718,94719,94720,94721,94722,94723,94724,94725))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 3,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "15.50",
              "eval_cost": "0.31",
              "prefix_cost": "34.38",
              "data_read_per_join": "8K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 3,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "0.78",
              "eval_cost": "0.31",
              "prefix_cost": "35.47",
              "data_read_per_join": "49"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
94027 7185M
94028 7186M
94029 7185M
94030 7186M
94031 7185M
94032 7186M
94033 7185M
94074 7186M
94075 7185M
94428 7313,7338,7219M
94452 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94453 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94454 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94455 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94456 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94458 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94459 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94460 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94461 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94462 7341,7342,7343,7157M
94709 7186M
94717 7185M
94718 7188M
94719 7186M
94720 7185M
94721 7185M
94722 7188M
94723 7186M
94724 7185M
94725 7185M