SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7195 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    90713, 90719, 90700, 90704, 90728, 90729, 
    90677, 84260, 90684, 90685, 90690, 
    90691, 90626, 90627, 90632, 90633, 
    90646, 90619, 90717, 90723, 90725, 
    90727, 92535, 90644, 90667, 90609, 
    90674, 90675, 90680, 90681
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00198

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "53.38"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 59,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 59,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "6.18",
              "eval_cost": "5.90",
              "prefix_cost": "12.08",
              "data_read_per_join": "944"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (90713,90719,90700,90704,90728,90729,90677,84260,90684,90685,90690,90691,90626,90627,90632,90633,90646,90619,90717,90723,90725,90727,92535,90644,90667,90609,90674,90675,90680,90681))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 59,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "14.75",
              "eval_cost": "5.90",
              "prefix_cost": "32.73",
              "data_read_per_join": "944"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "14.75",
              "eval_cost": "0.30",
              "prefix_cost": "53.38",
              "data_read_per_join": "7K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
84260 7195,7196M 0
90609 7331,7253M
90619 7331,7253M
90626 7331,7253M
90627 7331,7253M
90632 7331,7253M
90633 7331,7253M
90644 7331,7253M
90646 7331,7253M
90667 7331,7253M
90674 7331,7253M
90675 7331,7253M
90677 7331,7253M
90680 7331,7253M
90681 7331,7253M
90684 7331,7253M
90685 7331,7253M
90690 7331,7253M
90691 7331,7253M
90700 7331,7253M
90704 7331,7253M
90713 7330,7285M
90717 7330,7285M
90719 7330,7285M
90723 7330,7285M
90725 7330,7285M
90727 7330,7285M
90728 7330,7285M
90729 7330,7285M
92535 7254M