SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7157 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    92219, 92220, 92221, 92222, 92224, 92225, 
    92226, 92467, 86894, 92232, 92233, 
    92234, 92235, 92236, 92238, 92468, 
    92472, 92473, 92474, 92212, 92213, 
    92214, 92215, 92217
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00166

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "54.21"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 95,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 95,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "9.79",
              "eval_cost": "9.50",
              "prefix_cost": "19.29",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (92219,92220,92221,92222,92224,92225,92226,92467,86894,92232,92233,92234,92235,92236,92238,92468,92472,92473,92474,92212,92213,92214,92215,92217))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "23.75",
              "eval_cost": "0.48",
              "prefix_cost": "52.54",
              "data_read_per_join": "12K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "1.19",
              "eval_cost": "0.48",
              "prefix_cost": "54.21",
              "data_read_per_join": "76"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
86894 7148,7156,7157M 0
92212 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92213 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92214 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92215 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92217 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92219 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92220 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92221 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92222 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92224 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92225 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92226 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92232 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92233 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92234 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92235 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92236 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92238 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92467 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92468 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92472 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92473 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0
92474 7341,7342,7343,7157M 0