SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7217 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    96221, 96222, 96223, 96224, 96225, 96226, 
    96227, 96228, 96229, 96230, 96231, 
    96232, 96233, 96234, 96235, 96236, 
    96237, 96238, 96239, 96240, 96241, 
    96242, 96243, 96244, 96334, 96336, 
    96338, 96340, 98722, 98723, 98724, 
    98725, 98726, 98727, 98728, 98729, 
    98730, 98731, 98732, 98733, 98734, 
    98735, 98736, 98737, 98750, 98751, 
    98752, 98753
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01280

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "86.69"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 96,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 96,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "9.89",
              "eval_cost": "9.60",
              "prefix_cost": "19.49",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (96221,96222,96223,96224,96225,96226,96227,96228,96229,96230,96231,96232,96233,96234,96235,96236,96237,96238,96239,96240,96241,96242,96243,96244,96334,96336,96338,96340,98722,98723,98724,98725,98726,98727,98728,98729,98730,98731,98732,98733,98734,98735,98736,98737,98750,98751,98752,98753))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 96,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "24.00",
              "eval_cost": "9.60",
              "prefix_cost": "53.09",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 4,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "24.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.48",
              "prefix_cost": "86.69",
              "data_read_per_join": "12K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
96221 7217M,7337 0
96222 7217M,7337 0
96223 7337,7217M 0
96224 7337,7217M 0
96225 7217M,7337 0
96226 7217M,7337 0
96227 7337,7217M 0
96228 7337,7217M 0
96229 7337,7217M 0
96230 7337,7217M 0
96231 7337,7217M 0
96232 7337,7217M 0
96233 7217M,7337 0
96234 7217M,7337 0
96235 7217M,7337 0
96236 7217M,7337 0
96237 7217M,7337 0
96238 7217M,7337 0
96239 7217M,7337 0
96240 7217M,7337 0
96241 7217M,7337 0
96242 7337,7217M 0
96243 7337,7217M 0
96244 7337,7217M 0
96334 7337,7217M 0
96336 7337,7217M 0
96338 7337,7217M 0
96340 7217M,7337 0
98722 7217M,7337 0
98723 7337,7217M 0
98724 7337,7217M 0
98725 7337,7217M 0
98726 7337,7217M 0
98727 7337,7217M 0
98728 7337,7217M 0
98729 7337,7217M 0
98730 7337,7217M 0
98731 7217M,7337 0
98732 7217M,7337 0
98733 7217M,7337 0
98734 7217M,7337 0
98735 7217M,7337 0
98736 7337,7217M 0
98737 7217M,7337 0
98750 7217M,7337 0
98751 7337,7217M 0
98752 7337,7217M 0
98753 7217M,7337 0