SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7340 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    92213, 92214, 92215, 92217, 92223, 92465, 
    92466, 92191, 92228, 92229, 92230, 
    92231, 92237, 92469, 92470, 92471, 
    85585, 91892, 92150, 92197, 92457, 
    85578, 92440, 92186, 92187, 92188, 
    92189, 92190, 92441, 85582
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01538

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "108.30"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 120,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 120,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "12.30",
              "eval_cost": "12.00",
              "prefix_cost": "24.30",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (92213,92214,92215,92217,92223,92465,92466,92191,92228,92229,92230,92231,92237,92469,92470,92471,85585,91892,92150,92197,92457,85578,92440,92186,92187,92188,92189,92190,92441,85582))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 120,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "30.00",
              "eval_cost": "12.00",
              "prefix_cost": "66.30",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 6,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "30.00",
              "eval_cost": "0.60",
              "prefix_cost": "108.30",
              "data_read_per_join": "15K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
85578 7157M,7341,7342,7343
85582 7157M,7341,7342,7343
85585 7157M,7341,7342,7343
91892 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92150 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92186 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92187 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92188 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92189 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92190 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92191 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92197 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92213 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92214 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92215 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92217 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92223 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92228 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92229 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92230 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92231 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92237 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92440 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92441 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92457 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92465 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92466 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92469 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92470 7157M,7341,7342,7343
92471 7157M,7341,7342,7343