SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7226 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    82549, 92001, 91885, 91886, 91887, 92329, 
    92330, 92331, 92332, 92000, 92346, 
    91901, 91902, 91903, 92345, 92347, 
    92348, 82551, 92342, 91897, 91898, 
    91899, 92341, 92343, 92344, 88925, 
    88926, 88927, 91470, 91884, 91900, 
    90844, 82430, 82431, 82433, 91896, 
    90272, 86076, 86079, 86080, 90794, 
    90271, 90795, 86077, 86078, 93868, 
    93869, 93870, 93871, 94381, 95557, 
    95944, 96778, 96779, 96780, 96791, 
    96839, 96840, 98192, 98193, 98194, 
    98195, 98196, 98197, 98198, 98199, 
    98208, 98209, 98210, 98211, 98212, 
    98213, 98214, 98215, 98216, 98217, 
    98218, 98219, 98220, 98221, 98222, 
    98223, 98322, 98323, 98563, 98564, 
    98565, 98566, 98567, 98568, 98569, 
    99519, 99520, 99521, 99522, 99523
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.01684

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "131.83"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "sort_cost": "7.46"
      },
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 208,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 8,
            "filtered": "4.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "20.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.83",
              "prefix_cost": "21.55",
              "data_read_per_join": "21K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 117,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 7,
            "filtered": "0.76",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "2.33",
              "eval_cost": "0.75",
              "prefix_cost": "121.75",
              "data_read_per_join": "119"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (82549,92001,91885,91886,91887,92329,92330,92331,92332,92000,92346,91901,91902,91903,92345,92347,92348,82551,92342,91897,91898,91899,92341,92343,92344,88925,88926,88927,91470,91884,91900,90844,82430,82431,82433,91896,90272,86076,86079,86080,90794,90271,90795,86077,86078,93868,93869,93870,93871,94381,95557,95944,96778,96779,96780,96791,96839,96840,98192,98193,98194,98195,98196,98197,98198,98199,98208,98209,98210,98211,98212,98213,98214,98215,98216,98217,98218,98219,98220,98221,98222,98223,98322,98323,98563,98564,98565,98566,98567,98568,98569,99519,99520,99521,99522,99523))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 7,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "1.87",
              "eval_cost": "0.75",
              "prefix_cost": "124.36",
              "data_read_per_join": "119"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}