SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7207 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    86062, 86064, 86065, 86066, 86068, 85040, 
    85041, 92893, 92894, 93002, 93003, 
    93004, 93005, 93006, 93007, 93008, 
    93009, 93010, 93011, 93012, 93013, 
    93014, 93015, 93341, 93342, 93343, 
    93344, 93345, 93346, 93347
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.02267

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "100.20"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 111,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 111,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "11.40",
              "eval_cost": "11.10",
              "prefix_cost": "22.50",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (86062,86064,86065,86066,86068,85040,85041,92893,92894,93002,93003,93004,93005,93006,93007,93008,93009,93010,93011,93012,93013,93014,93015,93341,93342,93343,93344,93345,93346,93347))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 111,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "27.75",
              "eval_cost": "11.10",
              "prefix_cost": "61.35",
              "data_read_per_join": "1K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 5,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "27.75",
              "eval_cost": "0.56",
              "prefix_cost": "100.20",
              "data_read_per_join": "14K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
85040 7148,7207M 0
85041 7148,7207M 0
86062 7148,7207,7224M 0
86064 7148,7207,7224M 0
86065 7148,7207,7224M 0
86066 7148,7207,7224M 0
86068 7148,7207,7224M 0
92893 7208M,7241,7309,7346
92894 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93002 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93003 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93004 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93005 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93006 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93007 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93008 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93009 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93010 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93011 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93012 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93013 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93014 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93015 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93341 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93342 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93343 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93344 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93345 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93346 7208M,7241,7309,7346
93347 7208M,7241,7309,7346