SELECT 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id, 
  GROUP_CONCAT(
    IF(
      cscart_products_categories.link_type = "M", 
      CONCAT(
        cscart_products_categories.category_id, 
        "M"
      ), 
      cscart_products_categories.category_id
    )
  ) AS category_ids, 
  product_position_source.position AS position 
FROM 
  cscart_products_categories 
  INNER JOIN cscart_categories ON cscart_categories.category_id = cscart_products_categories.category_id 
  AND cscart_categories.storefront_id IN (0, 1) 
  AND (
    cscart_categories.usergroup_ids = '' 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      0, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    ) 
    OR FIND_IN_SET(
      1, cscart_categories.usergroup_ids
    )
  ) 
  AND cscart_categories.status IN ('A', 'H') 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products_categories AS product_position_source ON cscart_products_categories.product_id = product_position_source.product_id 
  AND product_position_source.category_id = 7195 
WHERE 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id IN (
    91706, 91707, 91571, 91572, 91573, 91574, 
    91575, 91576, 91577, 91578, 91579, 
    91610, 91611, 91612, 91613, 91614, 
    91615, 91616, 91617, 91618, 83879, 
    83881, 83887, 91787, 91796, 91797, 
    91798, 91799, 91800, 91801
  ) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_products_categories.product_id

Query time 0.00108

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "27.27"
    },
    "grouping_operation": {
      "using_filesort": false,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_products_categories",
            "access_type": "range",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "link_type",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "pt",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 30,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_index": true,
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "3.27",
              "eval_cost": "3.00",
              "prefix_cost": "6.27",
              "data_read_per_join": "480"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "link_type"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "(`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_products_categories`.`product_id` in (91706,91707,91571,91572,91573,91574,91575,91576,91577,91578,91579,91610,91611,91612,91613,91614,91615,91616,91617,91618,83879,83881,83887,91787,91796,91797,91798,91799,91800,91801))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "product_position_source",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "pt"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id",
              "product_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "6",
            "ref": [
              "const",
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.product_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 30,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "7.50",
              "eval_cost": "3.00",
              "prefix_cost": "16.77",
              "data_read_per_join": "480"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "product_id",
              "category_id",
              "position"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_categories",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY",
              "c_status",
              "p_category_id"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "category_id"
            ],
            "key_length": "3",
            "ref": [
              "nuie_scalesta_net.cscart_products_categories.category_id"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 1,
            "filtered": "5.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "7.50",
              "eval_cost": "0.15",
              "prefix_cost": "27.27",
              "data_read_per_join": "3K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "category_id",
              "usergroup_ids",
              "status",
              "storefront_id"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`storefront_id` in (0,1)) and ((`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids` = '') or (0 <> find_in_set(0,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`)) or (0 <> find_in_set(1,`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`usergroup_ids`))) and (`nuie_scalesta_net`.`cscart_categories`.`status` in ('A','H')))"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id category_ids position
83879 7254M
83881 7254M
83887 7254M
91571 7254M
91572 7254M
91573 7254M
91574 7254M
91575 7254M
91576 7254M
91577 7254M
91578 7254M
91579 7254M
91610 7254M
91611 7254M
91612 7254M
91613 7254M
91614 7254M
91615 7254M
91616 7254M
91617 7254M
91618 7254M
91706 7254M
91707 7254M
91787 7254M
91796 7254M
91797 7254M
91798 7254M
91799 7254M
91800 7254M
91801 7254M